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Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom (1940–1945) Kindle Edition
- LanguageEnglish
- PublisherOpen Road Media
- Publication dateMay 8, 2012
- File size4928 KB
Editorial Reviews
Review
About the Author
Product details
- ASIN : B007GSU1CQ
- Publisher : Open Road Media (May 8, 2012)
- Publication date : May 8, 2012
- Language : English
- File size : 4928 KB
- Text-to-Speech : Enabled
- Screen Reader : Supported
- Enhanced typesetting : Enabled
- X-Ray : Enabled
- Word Wise : Enabled
- Sticky notes : On Kindle Scribe
- Print length : 594 pages
- Best Sellers Rank: #160,979 in Kindle Store (See Top 100 in Kindle Store)
- #117 in Biographies of US Presidents
- #164 in Biographies of Political Leaders
- #195 in Federal Government
- Customer Reviews:
About the author
James MacGregor Burns (1918-2014) was a bestselling American historian and political scientist whose work has earned both the National Book Award and a Pulitzer Prize. Born in Boston, he earned his BA at Williams College, where he returned to teach history and political science after obtaining his PhD at Harvard and serving in World War II. He served as the Woodrow Wilson Professor of Government Emeritus at Williams College and as Distinguished Leadership Scholar at the University of Maryland until his death in 2014.
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Top reviews from the United States
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=== The Good Stuff ===
* Burns does a very through job of relating events and their interaction. For example, does a masterful job of capturing what Stalin's thought might have been as he navigated through the war and relations with Churchill and Rosevelt. Burns postulates that Stalin may have realized that he could only motivate Soviet armies to fight Germany in response to an invasion. Perhaps that explains Stalin's reluctance to accept warnings of a German invasion. The author also examines Stalin's paranoia about the US and GB hoping to bleed Germany and Russia dry fighting against each other. Limits on early deliveries of war materials to the Soviet Union certainly increased these fears.
* The book spends quite a bit of words examining FDR's leadership style. Burns believes Roosevelt was never a great strategist, and never looked much further out than 6 months. While his arguments can seem a bit shallow and poorly developed, he certainly puts forth enough justification for at least considering his opinions.
* Burns evidently had excellent access to historical records. He captures and explains some of the thinking about how the US and Britain would pursue the war, how they would support the USSR and China, and how scarce resources would be divided among all the various groups screaming for support. In many ways, these choices set the course for the war, and for the politics of the world for the next 50 years. Burns captures these decisions and their consequences quite well, and reasonably unbiased.
* The book sticks to the high ground. We don't see any of FDR's bad moods, his difficult dealings with others, or his dalliances with female staff. Instead he concentrates on the political, military and civilian leadership challenges.
=== The Not So Good Stuff ===
* The book is long, and seems longer than it is. Burns writes in a reasonably easy-to-read style, although he is prone to long paragraphs. The problem is that his writing is very detailed and complete, and there is a lot of detail which is not specifically germane to the discussion in the text. It ended up taking me over a week to read this, a very long time for me.
* Burns tosses around many great thoughts, a lot of which are great starting points for an afternoon's contemplation of how the world could have turned out. Unfortunately he doesn't really support his thoughts with arguments and justifications. Rather, he leaves a lot of loose ends for the reader to work his way through.
=== Summary ===
* I liked the book, although it was a bit of a tough read. It is very detailed, and perhaps overly so, but still proved a great look at how the war was fought at the very top levels of US and British governments. The examination of Stalin's thoughts and reactions was first rate, although most of this is, of course, speculative.
I'd recommend the book for any true fans of WWII, and especially those more interested in the political rather than the military side of thngs.
Throughout his presidency, a disconnect existed between Roosevelt's high-minded rhetoric and his behind-the-scenes use of Realpolitik. Roosevelt's strong speeches outlined bold, idealistic war aims, but he suffered from indecision behind the scenes, which delayed the United States' commitment before the attack on Pearl Harbor. Roosevelt's indecision and his vague policy preferences were due to stiff political opposition from isolationist voters at home. The draft-extension bill, for example, survived by only one vote and limited other moves to escalate the war effort.
The attack on Pearl Harbor unified the nation and brought Roosevelt's strategy into focus. Roosevelt unified command between services and nations Joint Chiefs, Atlantic Charter, Declaration of United Nations. He established the War Production Board to coordinate economic mobilization and procurement. A handful of agencies were created to coordinate labor mobilization, weapons development, long range strategic planning, and a host of other wartime concerns.
Still, Roosevelt did not abandon his informal, pragmatic approach to the executive office. At one point, Burns noted Roosevelt's "reliance on talented individuals, not orderly administration" (p. 343). Roosevelt was a hands-on president and he resisted any administrative structures that would reduce his presidential authority. Throughout the crisis of war, Roosevelt was directly involved in all the nuances of war planning, and he got the best out of people by fostering competition and disregarding conventions. The book does a good job of capturing the close working relationship between Roosevelt and Churchill throughout the war. Drawing on both men's correspondence, Burns shows how the two men resolved their differences and forged a unified military throughout the war.
Wars are won on the battlefield, but they require the unification of political support, moral backing, and military capabilities. Roosevelt's leadership promoted the Atlantic Charter and led the Allies to pursue `Unconditional Surrender,' of the Axis powers. Other objectives, such as Jewish security in Europe, domestic civil rights, and relations with Russia, were hampered by the pursuit of total military victory. Roosevelt provided a moral backing for the Allied effort, but he pursued pragmatic, realistic policies to achieve his idealistic ends.
Roosevelt, like all great politicians, formed policies that mirrored public opinion. When the nation was divided, Roosevelt's statements and strategies were cautious and non-committal. Once the US was attacked, isolationist sentiment disappeared and Roosevelt assumed a more decisive leadership role. Burns shows how Roosevelt's personal leadership may have led to inefficiencies and lost opportunities, but it ultimately guided the United States to a decisive military victory. Burns' conclusions follow logically from the incredible detail in his analysis, details that come from well-respected sources. Burns' account of the war is an accessible, comprehensive, and well organized book that gives a favorable impression of Roosevelt's administration during the trying times of World War II.
Although the author is clearly a fan of FDR, his flaws, weaknesses and mistakes are not ignored, minimized or sugar coated. As a result, the book is both informative and thought provoking, presenting the reader with context, balance, objectivity and insight.
Don't let your preconceived opinion of FDR prevent you from reading the excellent book!!!!!
Hailed by William Shirer as “the definitive book on Roosevelt in the war years,” and by bestselling author Barbara Tuchman as “engrossing, informative, endlessly readable,” The Soldier of Freedom is a moving profile of a leader gifted with rare political talent in an era of extraordinary challenges, sacrifices, heroism, and hardship.
Top reviews from other countries
This book is an interesting read, that made some surprisingly critical comments about FDR’s management style. He didn’t like anyone to become too powerful, or independent, so Roosevelt would create similar agencies with seemingly the same (or at least “adjacent”) jobs, and wasn’t too bothered when they fell out, or resulted in arguments. James MacGregor Burns put this down to preventing people from becoming “bigger than the president” or becoming an alternative focus of power (maybe?). I’m inclined to wonder if it’s just bad management. Certainly, Roosevelt was a polarizing by his death.
Moving away from that, you’ll probably learn a lot about Roosevelt’s war years by reading this book, if you’ve not read any other books about FDR. If you have, this book, doesn’t add anything hugely new, but is well researched, and will give the reader more examples of issues than most other books about Roosevelt (I think).
One thing that I found interesting was Burns’ description of there being “4 political parties”, a Republican, and Democratic Party focused on the presidency, and another 2 focused on congress. The result was there was surprising overlap between the presidential, and congressional parties that I’d never thought of before.
The other thing I found interesting was the degree of overlap between the 2 (Democratic and Republican) parties, and that Roosevelt wanted to make the Democrats more liberal, even if it resulted in the Republicans becoming more conservative. The book discusses Roosevelt’s efforts, in this regard, in some detail.
Overall, it was a thorough, and generally interesting read.