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The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley: A Poet's Journeys Through American Slavery and Independence Hardcover – March 7, 2023

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A New York Times notable book of 2023 | A finalist for the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for biography

“[An] erudite, enlightening new biography . . . [Waldstreicher’s] interpretations equal Wheatley’s own intentional verse, making it a joy to follow along as he unpacks her words and their arrangement.” ―Tiya Miles,
The Atlantic

“Thoroughly researched, beautifully rendered and cogently argued . . .
The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley is [. . .] historical biography at its best.” ―Kerri Greenidge, The New York Times Book Review (Editors’ Choice)

A paradigm-shattering biography of Phillis Wheatley, whose extraordinary poetry set African American literature at the heart of the American Revolution.

Admired by George Washington, ridiculed by Thomas Jefferson, published in London, and read far and wide, Phillis Wheatley led one of the most extraordinary American lives. Seized in West Africa and forced into slavery as a child, she was sold to a merchant family in Boston, where she became a noted poet at a young age. Mastering the Bible, Greek and Latin translations, and the works of Pope and Milton, she composed elegies for local elites, celebrated political events, praised warriors, and used her verse to variously lampoon, question, and assert the injustice of her enslaved condition. “Can I then but pray / Others may never feel tyrannic sway?” By doing so, she added her voice to a vibrant, multisided conversation about race, slavery, and discontent with British rule; before and after her emancipation, her verses shook up racial etiquette and used familiar forms to create bold new meanings. She demonstrated a complex but crucial fact of the times: that the American Revolution both strengthened and limited Black slavery.

In this new biography, the historian David Waldstreicher offers the fullest account to date of Wheatley’s life and works, correcting myths, reconstructing intimate friendships, and deepening our understanding of her verse and the revolutionary era. Throughout
The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley, he demonstrates the continued vitality and resonance of a woman who wrote, in a founding gesture of American literature, “Thy Power, O Liberty, makes strong the weak / And (wond’rous instinct) Ethiopians speak.”

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From the Publisher

Praise for The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley: A Poet's Journeys Through American Slavery and Independence by David Waldstreicher

The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley David Waldstreicher Woody Holton quote

The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley David Waldstreicher Nancy Isenberg quote

The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley David Waldstreicher Rowan Ricardo Phillips quote

Editorial Reviews

Review

"[A] thoroughly researched, beautifully rendered and cogently argued biography . . . The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley is at once historical biography at its best, literary analysis at its sharpest and a subversive indictment of current political discourse questioning the relevance of Black life in our country’s history . . . Waldstreicher’s major contribution as a scholar is to take seriously the alternate reality that enslaved people like Wheatley created outside the white gaze." ―Kerri Greenidge, The New York Times Book Review

"[An] erudite, enlightening new biography . . . Wheatley emerges in these pages as a literary marvel. Waldstreicher’s comprehensive account is a monument to her prowess . . . The greatest achievement of Waldstreicher’s biography is the portrayal of Wheatley as a serious poet . . . [Waldstreicher's] interpretations equal Wheatley’s own intentional verse, making it a joy to follow along as he unpacks her words and their arrangement."
―Tiya Miles, The Atlantic

The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley . . . puts [Wheatley] smack in the middle of the raging debate over the relationship between the American Revolution and slavery . . . [Waldstreicher] is known for deeply researched, tightly written studies, which aim to complicate any comforting idealization of the founding . . . [The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley] is a founder biography of sorts, treating Wheatley not only as the progenitor of the African American literary tradition but an important political voice in the creation of the nation itself." ―Jennifer Schuessler, The New York Times

“[Waldstreicher] expertly re-creates the complex political realities of pre-Revolutionary America. He is especially good at parsing the subtle messages that Wheatley concealed in her verse, explosive devices meant to detonate the racial politics of her time.”
―Randall Fuller, The Wall Street Journal

"Biographies of poets can veer into dry territory. Waldstreicher’s text feels like a series of narrative enjambments: Each page bleeds into the next with a tantalizing sense of discovery as the author pulls into better focus a short, brilliant life lived in an era of opaque conflict."
―Andrew Dansby, Houston Chronicle

"[An] expansive new biography . . .
The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley is a rich and necessary book." ―Farah Jasmine Griffin, O magazine

"A fascinating and provocative account of [Wheatley's] life and work."
―Glenn Altschuler, Florida Courier

"[Waldstreicher] places Wheatley squarely in her times and shows how she navigated them . . . Waldstreicher vividly re-creates Wheatley's Boston . . . His portrait of colonial-era slavery is chilling, and he makes expert use of documents to show its cruelty."
―Mary Ann Gwinn, Star Tribune

“Magisterial . . . Waldstreicher excels at teasing out the subtle political messages within Wheatley’s poetry . . . The historical scholarship dazzles and the incisive analysis of Wheatley’s poetry suggests she had a more ‘liberatory political agenda’ than she’s often credited for. The result is an indispensable take on an essential early American poet."
Publishers Weekly (starred review)

“Prodigy-poet Phillis Wheatley launched a complexly creative and courageous life of strategic dissent that has never before been so fully illuminated . . . Waldstreicher zestfully establishes an intricately detailed context for his in-depth analysis of Wheatley’s experiences and writings . . . Waldstreicher’s engrossing restorative biography makes one hope for a Hamilton-style celebration of Wheatley’s profound quest.”
―Donna Seaman, Booklist

"Intriguing . . . For those familiar only with Wheatley’s often anthologized 'On Being Brought From Africa to America,' the breadth and depth of her poetry will be a revelation."
Kirkus Reviews

“[Waldstreicher’s] in-depth, engrossing biography,
The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley . . . adds much to the tumultuous Revolutionary chapter of America’s political and racial history.” ―Priscilla Kipp, BookPage

"David Waldstreicher has done something truly magical in this deeply historical, deeply literary biography of Phillis Wheatley. He has recovered her poetical voice (and a treasure trove of her long-forgotten anonymous poems) within the complex world of eighteenth-century slavery and revolution. Anyone who wishes to understand Wheatley and her unique insights into why slavery dominated America’s revolutionary thinking must read this thoughtful, incredibly smart, eye-opening book."
―Nancy Isenberg, author of White Trash: The 400-Year Untold History of Class in America and Fallen Founder: The Life of Aaron Burr

"In David Waldstreicher’s telling, the Greek and Roman classics―the pride of the American founders―never spoke more clearly than to the Black poet Phillis Wheatley. And why not? War, peril on the high seas, kidnappings: she had seen them all and lived them all. Here is Wheatley's dramatic life and subtle voice, richly rendered; As I read, I'd never felt closer to her."
―Woody Holton, author of Liberty is Sweet: The Hidden History of the American Revolution

"This remarkable book connects the age of revolution and the worlds of Atlantic slavery not just through impressive historical research but through deft attention to Phillis Wheatley's oft-disdained poetry. Her ostensibly stiff Augustan verses make the connection. Heroic couplets indeed!"
Laurel Thatcher Ulrich, author of A House Full of Females and A Midwife's Tale

“David Waldstreicher's biography of Phillis Wheatley is essential reading about a poet known so well by her name, and yet so little known by the facts, motivations, and nuances of her extraordinary life and her art. As Waldstreicher beautifully states in this turn-pager: ‘she's Homer and Odysseus
and the slaves and the women they knew or imagined.’ The Odyssey of Phillis Wheatley is a must-read about one of America's most remarkable and least understood poets. This is not only the story of a remarkable revolutionary poet; it is also―amid its triumphs and tragedies―an American saga.” Rowan Ricardo Phillips, author of Living Weapon and When Blackness Rhymes with Blackness

About the Author

David Waldstreicher teaches history at the City University of New York Graduate Center and is the author of Slavery’s Constitution: From Revolution to Ratification and Runaway America: Benjamin Franklin, Slavery, and the American Revolution. He has written for The New York Times Book Review, Boston Review, and The Atlantic, among other publications.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Farrar, Straus and Giroux (March 7, 2023)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 496 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0809098245
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0809098248
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.61 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6.45 x 1.55 x 9.35 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.3 4.3 out of 5 stars 26 ratings

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Customer reviews

4.3 out of 5 stars
4.3 out of 5
26 global ratings

Top reviews from the United States

Reviewed in the United States on June 27, 2023
Critical works by ground-breaking author. Truly inspired and inspiring.
2 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on May 13, 2023
Wheatley’s story has been long neglected. Here is a comprehensive telling of the enslaved poetesses who impressed George Washing while offending Thomas Jefferson.
3 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on May 9, 2023
For the most part this book is a nice opportunity to learn more about Phillis Wheatley's life beyond what one of the online biographies can tell you. I especially enjoyed the additional historical context for her occasional poems, and the newly discovered anonymous poems are quite sharp and pleasing to modern ears. Phillis' life was short and tragic, and much like her contemporary Lucy Terry, one suspects that if she had not been forced to struggle against prejudice, we would have many superior poems from her today.

The author frequently emphasizes that poetry is a means for Phillis to obtain agency -- e.g. she is not just a poet praying for the King, she is "able to present herself as" one (p.70). These little grammatical roundabouts are frequently interjected into the text to remind us that this is an enslaved woman struggling to assert her voice. Phillis herself does this at times, but I would object that she wanted her poems to be more than this. Although her relationship to the Church is somewhat unorthodox and at times can be read as cynical, I would describe Phillis as a religious person. Many of her poems emphasize the importance of spiritual experience and religious rapture as able to overcome social division and tragedy. While I cannot present a thesis on her theology, her hope for freedom and for an end to slavery and racism does seem closely tied to spirituality in *some* sense. To instead cast her as locked in an inescapable, lifelong struggle for total agency, something no human is capable of anyway, doesn't seem quite accurate and also strikes me as a bit depressing.
4 people found this helpful
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Reviewed in the United States on March 30, 2023
The biography of Phillis Wheatley through a lens of the time period, slavery and the War of Independence. Good insight.
4 people found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

DOUGLAS L GOLD
5.0 out of 5 stars WONDERFUL HISTORY
Reviewed in Canada on May 22, 2023
This book will most likely be banned by Ron DeSantis because it is full of factual information.
One person found this helpful
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